Source (#1): Items 1-5
V. Shliapina, M. Koriagina, D. Vasilkova, V. Govorun, O. Dontsova and M. Rubtsova. "Human Telomerase RNA Protein Encoded by Telomerase RNA is Involved in Metabolic Responses." Front. Cell Dev. Biol., vol. 9, no. 754611, Dec. 2021.
Source (#2): Items 6-10
G. Mazor, D. Smirnov, H. Ben David, E. Khrameeva, D. Toiber, and B. Rotblat, “TP73-AS1 is induced by YY1 during TMZ treatment and highly expressed in the aging brain,” Aging (Albany NY), vol. 13, no. 11, pp. 14843–14861, 2021.
Source (#3): Items 11-15
D. Stein et al., “Aging and pathological aging signatures of the brain: through the focusing lens of SIRT6,” Aging (Albany NY), vol. 13, no. 5, pp. 6420–6441, 2021.
Absorbance
Noun
In chemisty: A measure of the quantity of light taken by a sample. It is also known as optical density, extinction, or decadic absorbance. The property is measured using spectroscopy, particularly for quantitative analysis. Typical units of absorbance are called "absorbance units," which have the abbreviation AU and are dimensionless.
Example: Protein concentrations were determined by measuring the optical density (OD) at absorbance of 280 nm (A280) using a NanoDrop 2000
spectrophotometer (Thermo Fisher).
en: Поглощение
Asterisks
Noun
Special marks in text used for some refinements in the bottom of basic text
Example: In both (A, B) panels, asterisks indicate statistically significant differences as calculated by the two-sample Wilcoxon test (*p < 0.05; NS, non-significant).
en: Звездочки (сноски)
Autophagy
Noun
The natural, regulated mechanism of the cell that removes unnecessary or dysfunctional components. It allows the orderly degradation and recycling of cellular components.
Example: As phosphorylation of ULK1 Ser757 inhibits autophagy, hTERP is involved in the regulation of the signaling pathway responsible for sensing cellular energy status.
en: Аутофагия
Derivative
Noun
In chemistry and biology: substance which is obtained from its precursor by several reactions os metabolic procosses.
Example: This compound is a glucose derivative that is phosphorylated by hexokinase 2 and produces 2-DGphosphate (2-DG-P).
en: Производное
Glioblastoma
Noun
Glioblastoma, previously known as glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), is one of the most aggressive types of cancer that begin within the brain. Initially, signs and symptoms of glioblastoma are nonspecific.
Example: Aging is a factor associated with poor prognosis in glioblastoma (GBM).
en: Глиобластома
Homeostasis
Noun
The quality of the organism that allows it to reach and maintain some permanent state of internal medium.
Example: Furthermore, it is known that the processing of telomerase RNA is tightly regulated, as the level of telomerase RNA should be constant in order to maintain cellular homeostasis.
en: Гомеостаз
Hub
Noun
The central location within which activities tend to concentrate, or from which activities radiate outward; a focus of activity.
Example: Manually chosen TFs (out of the top TFs per signature category) and their target genes represent the hubs of brain signature categories [description of the picture]
en: Центр (основная часть)
Implicate
Verb
Make thing to be part of something
Example: Sirtuins play major roles in metabolism and have been implicated in the improvement of CR response in aging.
en: Вовлекать
Imply
Verb
To communicate an idea or feeling without saying it directly
Example: Our results imply that higher translation levels accompanied by lower proteostasis maintenance capacity are quite deleterious to the cell.
en: Подразумевать
Proteostasis
Noun
Proteostasis is the dynamic regulation of a balanced, functional proteome.
Example: Here, we observe that protein translation cluster is considerably elevated in SIRT6-KO and old mice brains, while the proteostasis
cluster is downregulated.
en: Протеостаз
Putative
Adj
Something supposed to be, but not ensure
Example: In addition, we identified two putative YY1 binding sites within the TP73-AS1 promoter, and used mutagenesis to find that they are essential for TMZ mediated promoter activation.
en: Предполагаемый
Starvation
Noun
In molecular biology: Lack or absense of particular component or element in the medium.
Example: We found that amino acids starvation resulted in the inhibition of autophagy while AICAR treatment activated the autophagy in hTERP-deficient cells.
en: Голодание, нехватка
Substantial
Adj
Something significant, important, playing a big role
Example: According to these datasets, affected genes showed a substantial overlap between SIRT6KO and the different conditions
en: Существенный
Temozolomide
Noun
Temozolomide (TMZ), sold under the brand name Temodar among others, is a medication used to treat brain tumors such as glioblastoma and anaplastic astrocytoma.
Example: TP73-AS1 is a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) over expressed in GBM tumors shown to promote resistance to the chemotherapeutic temozolomide (TMZ), and tumor aggressiveness.
en: Темозоломид
Threshold
Adj
Limit level which could be achieved
Example: Reactions were performed in triplicate and threshold cycle numbers were averaged.